Tips for scanning children

Children, particularly young children can often be fearful of strangers and any medical examination can result in stress, fear and oppositional behavior. The use of a large, unfamiliar machine can add a level of fear and intimidation. There are several things one can do to maximize patient comfort and success of the scan in this challenging population.

Gain the trust of the child by respecting their fear and approaching slowly by first explaining to them what you are going to do in the simplest terms possible. In addition, giving them limited choices about how the scan will proceed (i.e. “Do you want to sit with Mom or Dad when I check your tummy?”) can help them feel more in control.

Normalize the US equipment by having the child handle the probe or having a caregiver hold the probe. Alternatively start by placing the probe on a non-invasive area such as their knee or hand to reassure them that the probe is harmless and engage them with the scan by watching the images on the screen. US gel can feel quite unpleasant when cold so warming the gel prior to use can mitigate this sensation. Having the child play with the gel before administration can prevent them from squirming when you apply it to their body for the scan. The low-frequency probe emits sounds that most children can hear. You can also let them listen to the probe and briefly explain how the machine works.

Use the parents to model the activity so the child is less afraid. You can also use the parents to help hold, comfort or even distract the anxious child.

Anticipate movement of the child either withdrawing from the sensation of the gel or probe or turning to face the screen. To minimize the effects of the child’s movement on the image, one should be sure to anchor one’s hand to the patient, so the probe remains in contact with the patient in the area of interest.