Pitfalls & Challenges

• Inadequately distended bladders can be difficult to visualize
• The variety of bladder shapes leave volume measures as estimates rather than an absolute calculation
• Difficulty visualizing the Foley catheter: If the catheter is mispositioned, it can be challenging to visualize its proper placement via POCUS
• Bladder injury or rupture following trauma can be difficult to assess with PoCUS, as subtle injuries may not be easily detected, and the bladder may be challenging to visualize if there is significant free fluid accumulation or if the bladder shape is disrupted.